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Peñablanca, Cagayan
Callao Cave
Unraveling Ancient History and Natural Wonders in the Philippines
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EXPLORE Callao Cave

PUBLISHED April 26, 2011

PHOTOS | WORDS BY MARIANO SAYNO

  • Peñablanca, Cagayan
Callao Cave stands as a testament to the rich tapestry of the Philippines’ natural and cultural heritage. With its stunning chambers, historical significance, and the groundbreaking discovery of Callao Man, the cave invites visitors to explore not just its captivating formations but also the deep layers of history embedded within its limestone walls.
Explore the Philippines through my lens as we venture into Callao Cave with Point of View (POV) photography. Using a body cam, I’ll guide you on an interactive tour, revealing the behind-the-scenes of capturing the shots shared here. Let’s dive into this visual journey together and uncover the wonders through my lens!
Let’s explore the PHILIPPINES through my lens as we journey on a photo slideshow to Callao Cave. Join me in this visual adventure and discover the wonders captured through my lens! Check out the shared slideshow here.

Located within the scenic Peñablanca Protected Landscape and Seascape, Callao Cave stands out among the numerous limestone caves in the region. Unveiled through excavations in the 1980s, this cave complex boasts seven captivating chambers, securing its status as not only Cagayan province’s premier natural attraction but also a revered cultural heritage of the Philippines.

Check out the video for more highlights. See what I’ve captured through my lens with Point of View (POV) photography. Using a body cam, I’ll take you on an interactive tour, showing you behind-the-scenes moments of capturing the shots shared here.
Check out the video below for additional features. Explore what I’ve captured through my lens in this cinematic slideshow.

Back in history to July 16, 1935, Proclamation No. 827 designated Callao Cave as one of the earliest national parks in the country, earmarking a substantial 192-hectare area for its preservation. Within this protected expanse lie over 300 caves, with 75 meticulously documented by the National Museum since 1977. Notably, Sierra Cave and Callao Caves, the most renowned among them, are conveniently accessible by car. Callao Cave, in particular, offers an easy ascent, with its entrance just a brief 184 steps up a well-constructed concrete staircase.

The cave system, characterized by seven chambers, features natural crevices allowing streams of light to illuminate the subterranean darkness. An earthquake in 1980 altered the landscape, isolating the last two caves from the once interconnected network. The initial chamber, cathedral-like in ambiance, serves as an impromptu chapel for locals. It also claims the title of the largest chamber, where a prominent rock formation assumes the role of an altar, bathed in sunlight filtering through an opening in the roof.

For enthusiasts of spelunking and caving, guided tours offer an opportunity to explore the mystical Callao Caves. However, certain sections may be periodically or permanently closed to safeguard the delicate ecosystem within.

The cave’s significance extends beyond its natural beauty, with sediment analysis revealing human occupation dating back a staggering 67,000 years B.P., marking intermittent habitation throughout its 77,000-year history.

In 2007, a pivotal discovery unfolded as fossils from the Late Pleistocene era were found within Callao Cave. An international team led by Armand Salvador Mijares from the University of the Philippines identified these fossils as belonging to an extinct human sub-species named Callao Man or Homo luzonensis in 2019. Remarkably, these findings, at least 67,000 years old, predate all previous human traces in the Philippines and represent the oldest evidence of human occupation in Southeast Asia. This monumental discovery adds a new layer to the intricate tapestry of human evolution in the Asia-Pacific region.

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All photographs that appear on the site are copyright of Mariano Sayno ©2022 Beauty of the philippines

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Callao Cave, Peñablanca - Callao Cave Road, Peñablanca, Cagayan, Philippines