
Luneta Hotel: A Timeless Jewel of Manila’s Architectural Heritage
It is always a surprise for buildings, parks and houses to survive such wars as it is almost inevitable that everything will be brought down
Binondo Chinatown, located in Manila, is renowned as the city’s historic Chinatown and is distinguished as the oldest Chinatown in the world. Established in 1594 by Spanish authorities, this district was strategically placed across the Pasig River from Intramuros to accommodate Catholic Chinese immigrants, allowing the colonial administration to closely monitor them.
As the earliest settlement for Chinese migrants in the Philippines, Binondo quickly became a vital area for commerce and cultural exchange. It served as a bridge between the local Filipino population and the incoming Chinese traders and settlers, laying the foundation for the rich, multicultural tapestry that characterizes the district today.
The Spanish Dominican fathers were crucial in the development of Binondo. They established it as their parish and worked diligently to convert many of its residents to Catholicism. This religious transformation was pivotal in shaping the district’s character and in fostering a community of Chinese mestizos, who were the offspring of Chinese immigrants and indigenous Filipino women.
This conversion and intermarriage led to the formation of a unique cultural group within Binondo. Over the years, the mestizo population grew rapidly, contributing to the area’s development and integration into the broader social and economic fabric of Manila.
ABOVE: The Binondo Church, or Minor Basilica and National Shrine of Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, founded in 1596, was rebuilt in 1852 after being destroyed in 1762, and later damaged during World War II, leaving only its western façade and belfry intact.
ABOVE: The Binondo Church, or Minor Basilica and National Shrine of Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, founded in 1596, was rebuilt in 1852 after being destroyed in 1762, and later damaged during World War II, leaving only its western façade and belfry intact.
In 1603, Binondo experienced a significant upheaval with a Chinese revolt led by Juan Suntay, a wealthy Chinese Catholic. The uprising was a dramatic response to tensions and was quickly subdued by Spanish and Filipino forces under Luis Pérez Dasmariñas. This event resulted in the deaths of most of the 20,000 Chinese residents in the colony.
The revolt was precipitated by the arrival of three Chinese representatives who claimed to be searching for “a mountain of gold.” Their unusual report sparked fears among the Spanish authorities of an impending invasion from China, leading to the harsh suppression of the revolt.
During the British occupation of Manila from 1762 to 1764, Binondo suffered damage as the city was captured and subsequently occupied. Despite the destruction, Binondo managed to rebuild and reestablish itself as a central hub for business and finance in the region.
In the years following the occupation, Binondo continued to grow as a key economic center, serving the ethnic Chinese, Chinese mestizos, and Spanish Filipinos. The Spanish colonial period saw extensive development in the area, including the construction of esteros (canals) to facilitate trade and transport via the Pasig River.
ABOVE: During the Chinese New Year, vibrant lucky charm stalls burst with colorful lanterns, inviting shoppers seeking good fortune and prosperity. These lanterns symbolize the light that guides us to luck while warding off evil spirits.
ABOVE: During the Chinese New Year, vibrant lucky charm stalls burst with colorful lanterns, inviting shoppers seeking good fortune and prosperity. These lanterns symbolize the light that guides us to luck while warding off evil spirits.
Escólta, one of Manila’s oldest streets, was established in 1594 and derives its name from the Spanish word “escoltar,” meaning “to escort.” This historic street became a bustling commercial artery, attracting immigrant merchants, particularly from Fujian, China, who were eager to capitalize on the opportunities presented by the Manila-Acapulco Galleon trade.
By the late 19th century, Escólta had evolved into a fashionable business district, lined with shops and boutiques that offered a wide range of imported goods from China, Europe, and Latin America, arriving through the nearby port of San Nicolas. The street was home to the city’s tallest buildings and the Manila Stock Exchange, and it boasted modern department stores and an electric tram line known as the tranvía. However, Escólta’s prominence began to decline in the 1960s as business activities shifted to Makati.
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ABOVE: The Binondo Chinatown Arch, a grand and intricately designed gateway, stands as a proud symbol of Binondo’s rich cultural heritage, marking the entrance to the world’s oldest Chinatown in Manila.
ABOVE: The Binondo Chinatown Arch, a grand and intricately designed gateway, stands as a proud symbol of Binondo’s rich cultural heritage, marking the entrance to the world’s oldest Chinatown in Manila.
Among Binondo’s significant landmarks is the Binondo Church, officially known as the Minor Basilica and National Shrine of Saint Lorenzo Ruiz, and also as Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary Parish. Founded by Dominican priests in 1596 to serve their Chinese converts, the church has a storied history. The original structure was destroyed in 1762 by British bombardment, and a new granite church was completed on the same site in 1852. However, it was severely damaged during World War II, leaving only the western façade and the octagonal belfry intact.
Fronting the Binondo Church is Plaza Lorenzo Ruiz, also known as Plaza Calderón de la Barca, a prominent public square in the district. Positioned between Quintin Paredes Street (formerly Calle Rosario) and Juan Luna Street (formerly Calle Anloague), the plaza runs parallel to the Estero de Binondo and serves as the central focal point of the area. Originally named Plaza de Binondo, it was later renamed Plaza Carlos IV in honor of Charles IV of Spain. The name was eventually changed to Plaza Calderón de la Barca, likely inspired by the Dominican friars who managed the church and admired the Spanish playwright Calderón. On September 12, 1981, the square was officially renamed in honor of Lorenzo Ruiz, a martyr of Japan and the first Filipino saint, reflecting its deep cultural and historical significance.
ABOVE: Binondo lights up with red lanterns, lucky charm stalls, and the irresistible aroma of traditional Chinese dishes. Dragon and lion dancers bring energy to the streets, filling the air with hopes for good fortune in the new year.
ABOVE: Binondo lights up with red lanterns, lucky charm stalls, and the irresistible aroma of traditional Chinese dishes. Dragon and lion dancers bring energy to the streets, filling the air with hopes for good fortune in the new year.
Today, Binondo remains a vibrant district, particularly known for Ongpin Street. This area is celebrated for its diverse array of Chinese vendor establishments, tea houses, and restaurants offering authentic dim sum and Chinese cuisine. Ongpin Street has become a gastronomic and cultural hotspot, attracting both locals and tourists.
The district is particularly famous for its Binondo Food Crawl, a popular activity where visitors explore the many culinary offerings along Ongpin Street. This food tour highlights the rich flavors and traditions of Chinese cuisine, making Binondo a must-visit destination for food enthusiasts and cultural explorers alike.
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